Grammar-Tenses
Tenses : 1.. Simple Present: We use the Simple Present tense: a.To talk about activities that we repeat regularly (routines* habits) : ex. Peter goes to work by bus I drink coffee every morning My friends learn English. b.To talk about permanent situations now: ex. I have two cats and a fish we like animals. The Smiths don't enjoy big weddings. c.To Talk about general truths: ex. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west If you mix yellow and blue* you get green. d.To talk about future official events or timetables which we cannot change: ex. The Summer term begins on the 15th of February next year The train leaves at 6.25 8776;In statements* we add –s or –es in the third person singular (-y ending changes to –ies): Ex. He speaks English very well. She hurries to work every morning. 8776;In Questions* negative sentences and short answers* we use does(for third person singular) or do(for other grammatical persons) ex. Does she knit well? No* she doesn't Do you like music? Yes* I do It doesn't rain a lot in November We don't eat fast food. 8776;We often use the following time adverbials with the Simple Present: 9658;Always* usually* regularly* often* sometimes* occasionally* rarely* seldom* * hardly ever* never. >> appear between the subject and the verb: ex. I always have breakfast Some people regularly exercise in the gym. 9658;from time to time* twice a week* * once a(week/month..etc) * every(morning/night/day…etc). >>usually appear at the end or at the beginning of the sentence: ex. I have a haircut once a month From time to time we go fishing. 2.. Present Continuous: We use the Present Continuous: a.To talk about activities that are going on at the time of speaking: ex. I'm reading a story. (now* at this moment) Mum can't come because she's cooking dinner. (at this moment) b.To talk about activities that happen regularly but for s limited period of time (temporary routines or habits): ex. We are training everyday this week to prepare for our match. c.To talk about future events that we have already fixed or arranged: ex. She is getting married in June. We are going to museum tomorrow. 8776;We form the Present Continuous tense using a present form of be + …-ing ex. I am having my lunch Is she wearing your tie? They aren't going to school today. 9658;when the verb ends with a consonant + e : we drop the final –e >> write ..> writing // smile ..> smiling 9658;when the verb ends with on vowle + one consonant we double the final consonant >> put..> putting // run..> running Except after –w*-x*-y >> knowing* fixing* hurring 9658;we can use the following time adverbials with the present continuous: Jus* now* at the moment* at present. >> their positions in a sentence can be: 9642; between be and the –ing form of the verb : I'm just having a snack. 9642; at the end of the sentence: We are having lunch at the moment. 9642; at the beginning of the sentence: At present* many doctors are working on a cure. 9658;some verbs ( called state verbs) are not usually used in a Continuous tense : 9679; verbs knowing or not knowing about: Believe* doubt* forget* imagine* know* remember* realize* suppose* understand. 9679;verbs about appearance: Appear* resemble* seem. 9679; verbs about liking or not liking: Hat* like* love* prefer. 9679; verbs about the senses: Hear* see* smell* taste 9679; verbs about what things are made of or where they come from: Be* come from* contain* include. 9679; verbs about possession: Belong to* need* own* possess* want* wish. 3.. Simple Past: We use the Simple Past to talk about: 9552; finishing actions: She went to the city and did her shopping. 9552; past situations that are repeated or continuous* and past habits: I went to elementary school in my village. 8776; In the Simple Past* we add –ed or –ied (for verbs ending –y) to the infinitive of regular verbs Or use the past form of irregular verbs: Ex. It rained all day yesterday. (regular verb) I read the book this morning. (irregular |
In Questions and negative sentences* we use the infinitive and did or didn't:
Ex. Did you watch the movie last night? We didn't like the song* it was too loud. 9658; we can use the following time adverbials with the Simple Past: Yesterday* last(week/month/year….etc)* (two/three/…etc) days/years ago . 9642;Their positions in a sentence can be at the beginning or end : Last week I visited my uncle. My friend went to Russia ten years ago. 4..Past Continuous: We use it to talk about : 9552; activities that continues for some time in the past: She was reading the story all evening. 9552; activities or situations that form a background for an event: It was snowing during the night. 9658; we form the Past Continuous with was/were + -ing : The child was playing in the garden. Was the child playing in the garden? The children were playing in the garden. 5..Present Perfect : We use it to talk about: 9552; past events and activities with results or consequences now : The doctor has gone out. I have cut my finger. He hasn't cleaned the car. 9552; things that started in the past and continue up till now: I have had a nice sun tan for the last few days. I've always wanted a guitar. 9552; a single or repeated action in the past* often with adverbials such as before* even* often…… when we don't know or are not interested in exactly when they happened: I have listened to that song often. Have you ever driven a car ? 8776; we form the Present Perfect with a present form of have + the third form of the verb : He has been to this place before. Have you heard about your brother? She hasn't bought any dresses. 9658; we use the following time adverbials with this tense: 9679;Before* ever* never* seldom* sometimes* often* usually* just ( the potions is usually after has/have * and sometimes at the end of the sentence) Have you ever eaten Sushi? 9679;Already in statements{usually after have} Yet in questions and negative sentences{usually at the end of the sentence} I've already had lunch. I haven't had lunch yet. 9679;For: Tells us about the period of time which the activity has taken: I haven't seen him for ages. 9679; Since: tells us about point in the time when the activity began": We've known each other since we were neighbors 9679; all my life. 6..The future : English doesn't have one future tense. We can use several forms to express different ideas about the future. 9552; will + infinitive without To : He'll make a good doctor. I think I wont buy this shirt. She will bring back your pen tomorrow. Will you wait for me? 9552; be Going to + infinitive without To: He's going to fail the test My parents are going to buy me a CD player. ~~~~ that's all for the tenses~!!~ </B></I> |
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